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KMID : 0603520040090010008
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Journal of Korean Association of Cancer Prevention
2004 Volume.9 No. 1 p.8 ~ p.18
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Antioxidant and Chemopreventive Effects Selenium
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Chung An-Sik
Park Jong-Min
Kim Ae-Yung
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Abstract
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Selenium (Se), an essential trace element for animals, has been proven to maintain good health and shown to prevent several diseases. White muscle disease and muscular dystrophy have been identified by Se deficient syndrome since 1950. These phenomena can be explained by antioxidant characters of Se as glutathione peroxidase, thioredoxin reductase, phopholipid hydroperoxidase and other selenoproteins such as selenoprotein W and P. As a constituent of selenoproteins, Se has structural and enzymic roles, in the latter context being best-known as an antioxidant and catalyst for the production of active thyroid hormone. Selenium is needed for the proper functioning of the immune system, and appears to be a key nutrient in counteracting the development of virulence and inhibiting Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) progression to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). It is also required for sperm motility and may reduce the risk of miscarriage. Deficiency has been linked to adverse mood states. Findings have been equivocal in linking Se to cardiovascular disease risk although other conditions involving oxidative stress and inflammation have shown benefits of a higher Se status. An elevated Se intake may be associated with reduced cancer incidence, such as prostate, colon, lung and pancreatic cancers in human. It has been known that the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We demonstrated that treatment with selenomethylselenocysteine induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells via increased reactive oxygen species. Treatment with lower selenite in HT1080 cells suppressed tumor invasion by abolishing the activation of matrix metalloproteinse-2 and -9 and urokinase type plasminogen activation, and reduced expression their mRNA, which were related to reduce activation of transcriptional factor such as activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kB (NF-kB). Large clinical trials have been performed to confirm or refute Se on chemoprevention in USA and Europe. In the context of these health effects, low or diminishing Se status in some parts of the world, notably in some European countries, is seriously considered to supplement it in diet or in soil.
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KEYWORD
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Selenium(Se), Antioxidant , Chemoprevention
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